Alloy steel is a combination of iron and carbon with some other element or elements in varied proportions with the carbon contents usually low. The additional elements give the steel specific properties, unobtainable to the same degree in plain carbon Steel. The more common alloy elements and their uses are given below:
1) Nickel (3 to 5%)
Special Qualities: Great strength, toughness, resistance to fatigue.
Uses: In structural parts, case-hardened parts
Remarks: Easily workable.
2) Nickel (36%)
Special qualities: Expansion on heating nearly zero.
Application: Scientific Instruments.
Remarks: known as "Inwar" steel
3) Chromium (3%)
Special Qualities: Great Hardness
Application: Ball and Roller bearing
4) Nickel (3 to 5%) and Chromium (0.5 to 1%)
Special qualities: Greater strength and toughness. Resistance to wear
Application: Gears, crankshafts, engine parts
Remarks: Also used for air frame parts.
5) Nickel (1 to 2%) and Chromium (12 to 18%)
Special qualities: Corrosion resistance (Stainless steel)
Application: Parts exposed to corrosion
Remarks: Magnetic. Work hardens
6) Nickel (8 to 12%) and Chromium (12 to 18%)
Special qualities: Corrosion resistance (Austenitic steel)
Application: Parts exposed to corrosion
Remarks: Non-Magnetic. Work hardens.
7) Tungsten (9 to 17%)
Special qualities: Hardness at high temperature
Application: Drills, Lathe tools
Remarks: High carbon steel
8) Molybdenum (2 to 4%)
Special qualities: Similar effect as tungsten
Application:
Remarks:
9) Cobalt (35%)
Special qualities: Exceptional Magnetic properties
Application: Permanent magnets
Remarks: High carbon steel
10) Manganese (up to 1.5%)
Special qualities: Finer structure after heat treatment
Application: Steel for welding
Remarks: Reduces effects of impurities
11) Manganese (10 to 15%)
Special qualities: Toughness. Hardens when worked
Application: Parts exposed to wear and tear
Remarks: Difficult to work. Non-magnetic
12) Vanadium (0.25%)
Special qualities: Greater strength, great resistance to fatigue
Application: Springs, wheel axles
Remarks: Chromium often added as well
1) Nickel (3 to 5%)
Special Qualities: Great strength, toughness, resistance to fatigue.
Uses: In structural parts, case-hardened parts
Remarks: Easily workable.
2) Nickel (36%)
Special qualities: Expansion on heating nearly zero.
Application: Scientific Instruments.
Remarks: known as "Inwar" steel
3) Chromium (3%)
Special Qualities: Great Hardness
Application: Ball and Roller bearing
4) Nickel (3 to 5%) and Chromium (0.5 to 1%)
Special qualities: Greater strength and toughness. Resistance to wear
Application: Gears, crankshafts, engine parts
Remarks: Also used for air frame parts.
5) Nickel (1 to 2%) and Chromium (12 to 18%)
Special qualities: Corrosion resistance (Stainless steel)
Application: Parts exposed to corrosion
Remarks: Magnetic. Work hardens
6) Nickel (8 to 12%) and Chromium (12 to 18%)
Special qualities: Corrosion resistance (Austenitic steel)
Application: Parts exposed to corrosion
Remarks: Non-Magnetic. Work hardens.
7) Tungsten (9 to 17%)
Special qualities: Hardness at high temperature
Application: Drills, Lathe tools
Remarks: High carbon steel
8) Molybdenum (2 to 4%)
Special qualities: Similar effect as tungsten
Application:
Remarks:
9) Cobalt (35%)
Special qualities: Exceptional Magnetic properties
Application: Permanent magnets
Remarks: High carbon steel
10) Manganese (up to 1.5%)
Special qualities: Finer structure after heat treatment
Application: Steel for welding
Remarks: Reduces effects of impurities
11) Manganese (10 to 15%)
Special qualities: Toughness. Hardens when worked
Application: Parts exposed to wear and tear
Remarks: Difficult to work. Non-magnetic
12) Vanadium (0.25%)
Special qualities: Greater strength, great resistance to fatigue
Application: Springs, wheel axles
Remarks: Chromium often added as well
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